President of the Geographical Society of La Paz and the archaeological society of Bolivia, the father of tiwanacologie, Arthur Posnansky in 1952 published a book master Tiahuanaco Birthplace of the American man , where it supports the most original theories. I have here the third volume of this beautiful book. Devoted to ceramics of Tiwanaku, developed a rich iconography all occurrences of the wave and staircase (fig.1C) as representations of Heaven and Earth: "If we carefully studying ceramics and archaeological monuments of the continent, taking in hand this book is to say without prejudice or preconceived ideas or biases, so that the eye sees what is really, not just what he needs to adapt to a specific point of view, we can verify the existence of a substratum TIHUANACU throughout the hemisphere. This indicates a prehistoric cultural cement can be seen clearly, since the degree of latitude 30 degrees south to 35 of latitude North and Pacific Coast to the Atlantic coast (see map 1d). For the author, the sign of the wave and the staircase is a symbol of prehistoric religion continental forgotten. Tiwanaku making the cradle of mankind U.S. and adhering to a theory of the peopling of the earth by the south and north poles in the Tertiary (fig.1F), he rejects the theory generally accepted by Western anthropologists: namely that America was populated by small groups of Asian nomads passed through the Strait Behering or from the Pacific Islands on makeshift boats. 
Posnansky not only extends the influence of the Tiwanaku culture in space, but it gives him a unique temporal amplitude. Since mankind has existed since the time of the dinosaurs, "he assures, what need to use migration to explain the presence of man on the American continent? According to our author, the distant Aztlan we are talking to none other than Mexico and the Tiwanaku eternal city has at least 25,000 years, and certainly much more. Astronomical temple, it has an error of 6 degrees in his equinoctial alignments, showing that the axis of the earth has moved in between and it is indeed the oldest urban and ceremonial center of the world (Which had 300,000 inhabitants at the time of expansive Tiwanaku). The entire ceremonial center is a memento of wisdom and knowledge that survived the last ice age, do not hesitate to affirm the author. The hallmark of this culture and this religion mainland - the wave and the stairs - would have extended from Patagonia to the United States, through Peru and Mexico.
Interest Posnansky theories is that they agree to the mythical indigenous history, as it can be heard in the Andes. It is this mythical story that the author seeks to prove rigorously very successfully sometimes. The old are they talking about the time when the sacred lake was larger than today? Posnansky the opportunity to point out that the continent is an example of extraordinary cultural continuity and that is why the indigenous people keep still fresh, the oral evidence of their distant past.
Standing near chullpas of Ñaquari I heard these strange stories of the past. They taught me as the secret history of Kallawaya but I've heard again in Chipayas the Urus or amautas Aymara. there was once another humanity, including men today are descended. These ancestors were giants, or titans. The sun of humanity that did not exist or was obscured by the ash from volcanoes. The moon was shining more than the Sun. Lake Titicaca was much larger and the Andean plateau below. The mountains grew more and Amazon did not exist. As we know it today and as reflected by its sedimentary layers is a recent geologic formation. Posnansky guess people who live there are the remnants of ancient urban cultures, having lived a huge disaster. We find representations of animals in tropical Tiwanaku indicating he believed the climate was very different from the one we know today.
the beginning of the third millennium, the history of Tiwanaku is now known. Posnansky theories have been refuted or ignored, but the mythical story is more vivid and haunting as ever. Worldwide Colla and Aymara living unborn inter-ethnic federalism and socialism of Tiwanaku cosmic expensive to amauta Fausto Reinaga , time is not linear but circular. This circular provides a glimpse, from the legendary past, the way the natives imagine the future.
The Andean world
time curve by the strength of his worldview. The future is behind. The past and the ancestors and to the mythical story always ends up back in this great turnaround time called Pachakuti . Thus, encounters with shamans and medicine men held each year on the American continent, under the sign of the eagle and the condor, are never a return to union prehistoric peoples, formerly illustrated by the sign of the wave and staircase. Tiwanaku was the time today to 11 km from Lake Titicaca, was a port. The happy time and mythical lake where the waves caressing the steps of the eternal city , Wiñay Marka, another name for Tiwanaku. When
arrives Pachakuti and time turns as well as the social world of men, the power of myth is again surface, the strong voice of the indigenous movement and the messianic. In real history and official signs then appear: here a pictorial representation showing a man in the company of a dinosaur, there a human footprint dating back 12 million years, a little later, at the foot of the pyramid Acapana of a human skull and femur toxodonte on the same stratigraphic level. Like so many relics from magic of another world, like the flower of Coleridge remember from the dream reality ...
Posnansky dwells little on the meaning of the pattern of the spiral and stairs. He noted that the earth-mother symbol for the stairs and that long ago, the inhabitants of the Andes mountains were carved into terraces for their agricultural needs. On the wave or curl, he simply wrote that the celestial phenomena are circular and evoke the vault or the scroll. The assembly then forms a symbol whose meaning is Heaven-Earth.
added that the stairs of the Tiwanaku ceramics usually three steps, which correspond to the three that make up the pashas Pachamama: Alaj Pasha (Quechua) or Hanan Pacha (Aymara), the world from above, Kay Pacha (Quechua) or Aca Pasha (Aymara), the world of here and Ukhu Pasha (Quechua) or Manqha Pasha (Aymara), the world's total. Of all the archaeological sites, Tiwanaku is where the tripartite world to own the Andean world view is more precisely described. It was at Tiwanaku that the traditional attribution of the bird, the cat and the snake three pashas appears with greater clarity, even more clearly that each of these worlds has a monument at Tiwanaku own: the semi-underground temple where snakes abound the world below, the temple of Kalasasaya for the world and by the pyramid for Acapana world from above. Across the site, Chacan appears in abundance, and the half-Chacan, which gives shape to the pyramid Acapana and serves as a step to the central deity of the Gate of the Sun, as serving the consort. These reasons are as many variations of quarter Chacan that represents the stairs. Of course, four of these stairs are a Chacan.
While the central deity standing kneeling on three steps, at the center of the Sun Gate, is Wiracocha , then the meaning of the wave associated with the staircase of the Mother Earth becomes clearer, since Wiracocha mean sea foam . Water grounded gives rise to the idea of Mamacota , Lake Titicaca, which is seen as divine mother. Water cosmic flux quantum surrounds the entire earth itself into a place of its origin. Wiracocha is related to water, but the snowy peaks ( Pasha Wira ) and pure water peaks are the recipients and distributors of its cosmic force. Snowy mountains express a synthesis of the cosmos: they bring together all dipping their roots to the underworld and while their flanks extend fertile land with water from the thaw, their peaks penetrate the sky to possess .
The wave and the stairs are two complementary forms of which is dynamic and one static. The water of the wave, meaning Andean evokes the cosmic flux itself. The entire event, with the sun and the moon, man and woman came out of Lake Titicaca, hotbed of that stream. It is a central metaphor in the Andes. Water is not just terrestrial but cosmic phenomenon. The wave overcoming the stairs could be either the Milky Way, or Jacha Laqo Saytu Laqo the Towards Greater infinite born from a very black background in Lakanpu (sky). Therefore this wave is also the celestial river behind all the rivers. Aymara all know that the Goddess of the Milky Way has chosen to remain on earth Desaguadero River, where it sometimes appears during Jallu tiempo the rainy season. However, the river Desaguadero born of sacred waters of Titicaca.
water, whether either terrestrial or celestial, is life itself, always new energy from moment to moment, the cosmic flow. It is non-stop, the fluid motion and changing Pasha, space-time.
Bibliography:
- Arthur Posnansky, Tiahuanaco, cuna del hombre americano , bilingual English-English editions Bosco, on behalf of the Ministry of Education, 1952, La Paz, Bolivia.
- The last illustration is taken from the thesis Blithz Lozada worldviews, historia y política en los Andes, Producciones Cima editores, 2008, La Paz, Bolivia.
- Diccionario de mitología Aymara Mario Montaño Aragón, Producciones Cima editores, 2006, La Paz, Bolivia.
- The razón y el indio by Fausto Reinaga, without mention of publisher, 1978, La Paz, Bolivia.
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